A new law will put the Home Secretary under a duty to remove anyone who has entered the UK illegally.
A bill to be introduced on Tuesday would also prevent those arriving illegally from claiming asylum or returning to the UK in the future.
Prime Minister Rishi Sunak said the plans were “suitable for those staying at home and those with legitimate asylum claims.”
Labor leader Sir Keir Starmer called the plans “unworkable”.
More than 45,000 people entered the UK via the Channel crossing last year, up from around 300 in 2018, leading to pressure on the government to tackle the problem.
Under the plan, the Home Secretary will be responsible for deporting people who come to the UK illegally.
This “duty to remove” would take precedence in law over the right to claim asylum, although there would be exemptions for those under 18 and those with serious medical conditions.
Anyone removed will also not be allowed to return to the UK or gain British citizenship in the future.
Although the bill will not become law for several months, it will apply retrospectively, meaning anyone arriving in the UK illegally from Tuesday will face deportation under the rules.
Mr Sunak said the UK had “a proud history of welcoming those most in need” and the new measures were “fair to those staying at home and those with legitimate asylum claims”. were.”
“Those arriving on small boats are not fleeing the war-torn country directly, nor are they facing life-threatening risks,” he said.
“Instead, they have passed through safe, European countries before crossing the Channel. The fact that they can do this is an injustice to people who come here legally and that is enough.”
He added that the plans would “send a clear signal that if you come to this country illegally, you will be removed immediately” and “help break the business model of people smugglers”. .
